Animals Endangered

Dickson Richards asked:




Television movies and documentaries have described Africa as a continent reach with wildlife, exotic plants, and tribes with their own unique traditions and rituals. While this may be true, the continent is no stranger to the world’s demand to keep up with the times. However, Africa is not a stranger to the fact that there are certain species are endangered as an effect of urbanization.

It is important to know that are formed for the preservation of such species. The most notable organization devoted to this purpose is the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). One of its valuable contributions is presenting the Red List, and this is a detailed record of endangered plants and animals around the world. Species under the Red List are placed under categories which are defined based on actual population and factors affecting a species’ decline, among other statistics.

The domestic donkey is said to be a direct descendant of the African Wild Ass. It actually played a significant part in the history of some regions in Africa. An African Wild Ass was used as a pack animal for the Ancient Egyptians. Drawings of this creature have even been found in Northern African caves.

The African Wild Ass is gray to light brown in colour, and a black stripe usually runs along its back. On the ends of their black-and-white striped legs are narrow hooves, or ’shoes’ which help them move faster and safer in rocky terrain.

The African Wild Ass is an herbivore, and its mouth makes it capable of eating tough and thorny bushes left alone by other plant eaters. They are also known to survive for as long as three days without water.

Over the past centuries African Wild Asses and other pack animals have been captured to be used in fields and caravans. These creatures are adapted for the tough burden of life. The largest number of domesticated African Wild Asses had little to contribute to the species’ survival. It usually mated with other donkeys in captivity, yielding mixed breeds. Those African Wild Asses which literally remained in the ‘wild’ could very well be the ancestors of the few left roaming in the arid areas close to the coast of the Red Sea.

They are hunted and are pitted against domesticated animals when it comes to obtaining good grazing grounds and water sources. The recent count has placed only a few hundreds are left in the wild.

The Riverine Rabbit also known as the Bunolagus monticularis. The Riverine Rabbit is native to the South African inland basin known as the Karoo. This brown, tall-eared rabbit is quite attractive with its visual features. Around the eyes of a Riverine Rabbit is a ring which is distinctively white in colour. This serves as a good contrast to the black stripes which run from the corners of its mouth over its cheeks, looking like a moustache or a collar. These nocturnal rabbits seem to settle in densely vegetated locations in and around the Karoo.

Here, the rabbits enjoy the different shrubs and flowers that are included in their diet. Additionally, these locations provide good cover for them as they tend to their young and go about their peaceful lives.

It is unfortunate that their tactics in concealment are simply inadequate against the many threats to its survival. The Riverine Rabbits are in danger of being hunted by predators easily. Farmers that clear more and more plots of land in the Karoo take away valuable grazing area, forcing the rabbits to compete with other herbivores more frequently.

There is one more final and most painful fact which contributes to the decline in numbers for the Riverine Rabbit. Rabbits are generally known to breed quickly, but for some reason the Riverine Rabbit is the exception of this virtue. Female Riverine Rabbits gives birth to a poor average of 1-2 young every year. These circumstances have made it one of the rarest mammals on earth. There are only roughly 200 Riverine Rabbits left on the planet.

The African Wild Ass and Riverine Rabbit are two beautiful creatures that serve as a living example of the continent’s beauty. But there are obviously many more African animals found on the Red List. Let us join the effort in protecting these critically endangered animals.

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Tony Mandarich asked:




Name:

Tiger Quoll

Scientific Name:

Dasyurus maculatus

Status:

Vulnerable

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Infraclass: Marsupialia

Order: Dasyuromorphia

Family: Dasyuridae

Genus: Dasyurus

Species: D. maculatus

General Information:

The tiger quoll is also known as the spotted-tail quoll, the spotted quoll, and the tiger cat. It is the largest carnivorous marsupial in mainland Australia. There are two subspecies of the tiger quoll, D. m. maculatus and D. m. gracilis. While the species is considered “vulnerable” by the IUCN, the Australian Department of the Environment and Heritage classifies the subspecies D. m. gracilis as “endangered”.

Physical Description:

The tiger quoll is more than 50% larger than any other species of quoll, at about the same size as a domestic cat. It is around 14 – 30 inches from head to rear, with the tail adding about another 14 – 20 inches. The male is slightly larger than the female, and can reach almost 15.5 lbs (compared to the female’s 8.8 lbs). Its coat is reddish-brown above and lighter-colored below, and covered in a scatter of large white spots.

Diet:

The tiger quoll feeds on a diverse array of prey, including small reptiles, insects, rats, birds, and even other marsupials.

Habitat:

Tiger quolls occur in variety of forest habitats, from open woodland areas to rainforests. Since they make den in sites like caves and tree hollows, tiger trolls require forests where such sites are available. The two subspecies occur in separated, distinct areas of Australia. D. m. gracilis can be found as an isolated population in northeastern Queensland. D. m. maculatus, the more abundant race, ranges from southern Queensland onto the island of Tasmania.

Reproduction:

Mating occurs from April – July. The gestation period lasts about 21 days, after which time the female gives birth to a litter of usually 2 – 5 young. The young remain in the mother’s pouch for around 7 weeks, and take another 18 weeks before they become independent. Both sexes reach sexual maturity at 1 year of age. The tiger quoll usually births one litter per year.

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Tony Mandarich asked:




Name:

Sloth Bear

Scientific Name:

Melursus ursinus

Status:

Vulnerable

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Ursidae

Genus: Melursus

Species: M. ursinus

General Information:

The sloth bear is the only species in the genus Melursus. It is a nocturnal creature of South Asia. Contrary to the implication of its name, the sloth bear is actually quite fast and can outrun a human being. There are a variety of theories as to where it gets its name, including the idea that early explorers spotted the bears lying upside down in trees, similar to the general appearance of sloths. In the 1700s, it was even classified as being a member of the sloth family, and accordingly named as “bear sloth”. It wasn’t until the 1800s, when the first live sloth bear arrived in Europe from India, that scientists were able to properly categorize it. Although it can be quite ferocious, leopards, tigers, and wolves are known to predate upon it or its young. Habitat destruction and poaching constitute the primary threat to this species’ survival.

Physical Description:

The sloth bear is a relatively small but stocky bear, draped in long, shaggy black fur. The particularly long hair around its neck gives off the image that it has a mane. There is a large white or yellow Y-shaped patch on its chest. Adult sloth bears generally weigh about 176 – 308 lbs for males and 121 – 187 lbs for females. It is generally 4 ft 7 in to 6 ft 3 in in length.

Diet:

Sloth bears are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of foods that include plants, insects, and animals. It has been known to scavenge from tiger kills and even eat cultivated crops. When eating insects, they prefer termites, using their long claws to expose the insects’ nests. And, because of their dietary fondness of honey, they have also been called honey bears.

Habitat:

Sloth bears inhabit a diverse array of forests, from dry thorn forests in the north of its range to the wet tropical forests in the south. They are also found in grassland areas. Their range includes areas of Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Bhutan.

Reproduction:

Based on the limited available information, sloth bears appear to mate year-round. The gestation period is about 7 months, after which time the female gives birth to 1 – 3 cubs, with 2 generally being the case.

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Tony Mandarich asked:




Name:

Mekong Giant Catfish

Scientific Name:

Pangasianodon gigas

Status:

Critically Endangered

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Actinopterygii

Order: Siluriformes

Family: Pangasiidae

Genus: Pangasianodon

Species: P. gigas

General Information:

The Mekong giant catfish is the largest freshwater fish in the world, and is endemic to the Mekong basin of Southeast Asia. A behemoth that can reach near-mythical proportions, this aquatic giant is migratory and requires extensive stretches of river for its seasonal migration. It also needs particular environmental conditions for breeding and spawning. Heavy fishing and other forms of human encroachment have pushed this catfish to the brink of extinction. It is currently classified as “Critically Endangered”. In the past century, its population has been diminished by some 95 percent, and some experts believe there are only a few hundred adults left.

Physical Description:

The most marked feature of this fish is its remarkable size. The largest specimen ever caught was 9 feet in length and weight 646 lbs. It was the largest freshwater fish ever recorded. The Mekong giant catfish has low-set eyes, are silvery to dark gray in color on top and white underneath, and are toothless. Juveniles also possess the characteristic catfish whiskers known as barbels. As they grow older the barbels shrink in size.

Diet:

The Mekong giant catfish is an herbivore, and feeds on the plants and algae of the river.

Habitat:

It lives in the lower half of the Mekong River system in Southeast Asia, occurring in Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Reproduction:

The Mekong giant catfish grows extremely quickly, and can reach 330 – 440 lbs in only six years time. This large fish, however, has also been noted for its slow reproduction rate, which, coupled with human encroachment pressures, has led to the precarious state of its survival. It migrates to spawn, but the damming of Mekong tributaries has led to the destruction of many of its breeding and spawning grounds. Siltation has also taken a large toll.

animals endangered

Karen Joslin asked:




The Caribbean’s exotic plants and animals are a large part of the natural beauty which attracts many international visitors to the region. In fact, one third of the area’s wildlife and plants are found only there. Unfortunately, many native species are either endangered, threatened or, in some cases, already extinct. Part of the reason for this is because many species have such a small range – in some cases only a few square miles on one particular island. But other factors also contribute to their low numbers, such as the expansion of humans and limited gene pools that make them more vulnerable to disease.

In the Sea

Marine life has been hit especially hard in the Caribbean. Even with protective legislation in place, illegal poaching continues to reduce many populations. Sea turtles, queen conch and coral are among the most notable cases. Six of the seven species of sea turtles call the Caribbean their home. Unfortunately, they are frequently hunted for their meat and shells. The queen conch is another lucrative catch for local fishermen, offering meat, shells, and pearls. Increased demand for these items has caused a drastic decline in conch numbers. Some types of coral have also experienced over-harvesting

Manatees, whales, and seals have also fallen prey to people. In the case of the Caribbean monk seal (now believed to be extinct), fishermen considered them pests and killed them simply so they wouldn’t eat fish. Manatees and the North Atlantic Right Whale – one of the rarest mammals in the world – have suffered as a result of both over-hunting and boating accidents. Their tendency to swim slowly near the water’s surface often results in collisions with ships and powerboats.

Pollution, diseases, increasing ocean temperatures, and human development all pose additional dangers for water-dwellers.

On Land

Caribbean land animals face plenty of hazards, too. Although many lizards, snakes, and other reptiles are specifically raised to provide products such as leather, rare reptiles are still subject to poaching. In some cases, fear leads people to kill certain species, like the Aruba Island Rattlesnake. On the other hand, reptiles fascinate some people, leading to their sale as pets.

An even larger business is the parrot trade. People want parrots as pets because of their beautiful colors, ability to talk, and intelligence. Parrots produce only one or two chicks per year, however, meaning they can’t breed fast enough to replace the vast numbers taken from the wild. In addition, poachers chop down trees in order to reach them, effectively destroying their natural habitat. Captured parrots are often crammed together into small bags, lacking adequate food, water, and air and an estimated 80% of them die before reaching their destination.

One of the major causes of endangerment for both plants and animals is invasive species. Beginning with the first European colonists, a variety of foreign animals and plants have been brought to the Caribbean islands. Many of the newcomers thrived, depleting native species. Even those introduced with good intentions have caused havoc. The Small Indian Mongoose, for example, has been imported by many countries to control rodents and snakes. Unfortunately, in Jamaica, their voracious appetites have decimated five endemic animal species – one lizard, one snake, two birds, and one rodent.

Ironically, even re-established colonies of endangered species can negatively effect others. Once thought extinct, the Bahamian hutia (a type of rodent) made a comeback on one particular cay in the Bahamas. In an effort to promote re-population, some of them were transferred to other cays, where they bred to greater numbers than the cays could support and devastated many of the native plants.

Help For Endangered Species

Fortunately, nature preserves, conservation centers, gardens, and zoos throughout the Caribbean help to preserve dwindling species. For visitors who want to experience an island’s true nature, these may be the best places to find it.

Tourists should be aware that animals, plants, and certain souvenir items may be illegal to buy or to import to their home country. Many Caribbean nations signed on to the CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) treaty. Under CITES, international trade of wildlife and animal products are monitored and regulated. In addition, most countries have their own laws regarding endangered species. For more information, visit the World Wildlife Fund.

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Mohammad Didarul Alam asked:




Gorillas species are endangered. Gorillas – males having an average body weight of around 400 pounds and females around 200 pounds – are the largest of the great apes. Almost double in body weight in comparison with their female counterparts, males sometimes are measured up to six feet tall when they stand upright.

There are four subspecies of gorillas available around the world – two eastern and two western subspecies. The four subspecies are: Mountain Gorillas, Grauer’s Gorillas, Western Lowland Gorillas and Cross-River Gorillas.

Eastern gorillas are darker in color having longer hair, jaws and teeth in comparison with their western counterparts. All of these categories are found only in Africa and are threatened with extinction. Their lives and existence are endangered due to the loss of their habitat by mining and human settlement – increased rate of human habitation in the forests of Africa causes decreased amount of habitation areas for Gorillas; hunting for bushmeat trade; adopting the infant gorillas as pets; spread of some dangerous diseases like Ebola, etc.

The total number of eastern sub-species Mountain Gorillas available now and found in Uganda and Rwanda areas is more or less 700; Grauer’s Gorillas found in the Congo area is about 16,000; Western Lowland Gorillas found in the regions of Cameroon, Republic of Congo, CAR, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Angola is about 20,000; and Cross River Gorillas found in the hilly region of Cameroon and Nigeria is about 200.

Gorillas eat vegetables and they find the food from about 70 plant species. Wild celery, vines, berries, bamboo, roots and bark are some of the examples. Some sub-species of gorillas, like western gorillas, eat termites and ants. A male gorilla takes more food than a female gorilla. A male gorilla can eat about 70 pound of bamboo a day, while a female can eat about 40 pound.

Female gorillas mature sexually around the age of 8 and start breeding after a few years. Male gorillas mature sexually around the age of 15 and start breeding. Unlike humans, gorillas have a longer gestation period of 270 days. But, like humans normally they give birth to a single offspring.

Gorillas have got some interesting similarities with humans. As we know that an individual human being can be identified by the unique finger-print, which never matches in two human beings; so are the gorillas – they have unique nose-prints, which never match in two gorillas. Moreover, like humans, gorillas also live in family environment; they have their leader of the family (usually a Silverback male member), female members and their offspring, as well as the young male members. The male members leave the group when they reach the age of 12.

Noteworthy is that, human tourism to gorilla populated areas increases the spread of diseases, because gorillas and humans have got the same genetic makeup. This is the reason they are vulnerable to be affected with human borne diseases; but without having similar immunity system developed. In the Central Africa region, where western lowland gorillas live in high density population, Ebola virus has epidemically spread out to impose a threat of their existence.

We have to stretch our efforts to safeguard the different subspecies of the gorillas. As a result of preservation activity from various organizations the mountain gorilla population is increasing slowly; but the most numerous subspecies of the four available ones – the western lowland gorilla is decreasing rapidly in population because of the Ebola virus crisis.

In this situation, our collective efforts to save this species from being extinct are utterly needed.

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Omer Ashraf asked:




Leopardus Wiedii, Margay is often called Tree Ocelot owing to its unparalleled arboreal skills among cats. Weighing usually in the range of ten to fifteen pounds, it is up to four feet long, inclusive of tail.

Fur is yellowish in base coloration. There are various dark markings in the form of blotches over its body. Belly and under parts are lighter. Tails are long and ringed. Subspecies living at higher altitudes have greater spots and marks than the cats living in plains. An extraordinary morphological trait is the ankle joint that allows movement of 180? of its paws, enabling the Margay to descend head first from trees, hang from its branches with just one foot and move upside down beneath branches – giving the cat an almost ape-like ease of movement on trees.

Despite the predominantly arboreal lifestyle, Margay also hunts on ground taking a variety of animals including insects, squirrels, lizards, birds, eggs, tree frogs and small monkeys. It is often seen moving speedily among trees chasing monkeys. A nocturnal and solitary feline, alongside Clouded Leopard, Margay is believed to be the best tree climber among cats.

Seen in a number of South American countries, Margay, also known as the Long-tail Spotted Cat, is divided into a number of subspecies based upon its regional distribution:

Leopardus Wiedii Wiedii – Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay

Leopardus Wiedii Nicaraguae – Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua

Leopardus Wiedii Pirrensis – Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru

Leopardus Wiedii Amazonicus – Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela

Leopardus Wiedii Boliviae – Bolivia

Leopardus Wiedii Salvinius – Chiapas, El Salvador and Guatemala

Leopardus Wiedii Yucatanicus – Yucat?n

Leopardus Wiedii Cooperi – Mexico

Leopardus Wiedii Glauculus – Mexico

Leopardus Wiedii Oaxacensis – Mexico

Even as some evidence suggests that the cats may be sociable in the wild, they are generally thought to be solitary. Generally one kitten is born after a pregnancy lasting around eighty days. Maturity is reached within the first year of life. Lifespan of up to twenty years has been recorded in captivity. Fur trade and loss of habitat have had serious toll on the numbers of Margay in the wild.

animals endangered

Alejandro Guevara Onofre asked:




Welcome to Madagascar – Inspiration for the 2005 Disney Film “Madagascar”

Biodiversity

Did you know – From an ecological perspective, Madagascar is unique and fantastic. About 10 percent of Madagascar’s territory is covered by national parks, nature reserves, wildlife refuges and other protected areas, where there are rare wild animals (some endangered animal species) and subtropical wilderness. Some areas have not changed much since independence. For these reasons, like Ecuador, Indonesia, Australia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), it has one of the richest eco-systems of the world’s developing countries. Finally the Island’s rich biodiversity was the inspiration for the 2005 Disney Film “Madagascar”.

Geography

Did you know – Madagascar, once the seat of an ancient kingdom, is located on the Indian Ocean, and is the world’s fourth-biggest island, after Greenland (Danish territory), Papua New-Guinea, and Borneo (Indonesia/Malaysia/Brunei Darussalam). The Island is covered with mountains, valleys, and rainforests (40% of the land is forested); there are streams, volcanic lakes, and rivers. It also has mangroves, coastal forests, and coral reefs. On the world stage Madagascar is famous for its amazing ecology, from rare animals to unique plants. Antananarivo is the Island’s capital. Other cities include Toamasina and Autsirabe, as well as Mahajanga and Fianarantsoa.

Economics

Did you know – Vanilla is the mainstay of the economy, followed by coffee, seafood, chromite, and cloves, as well as seafood, and oil. On the other hand,the French-speaking nation has few mineral resources, but it is one of Africa’s largest producers of graphite. Curiously the United States of America imports large amounts of graphite from Madagascar.

Independence

Did you know – On June 26, 1960, Madagascar, after a 75-year French occupation, became a new independent country on the planet. Post 1960, it has strong links with Paris. In this context, the Island is culturally and economically part of the French-speaking world. In the meantime, From the 1990s on, Madagascar has had relatively peaceful years of democracy.

Tourism

Did you know – Inspired by the examples of Seychelles, Kenya and Mauritius, among other successful African countries, the Republic of Madagascar is trying to consolidate its tourism sector. It is a perfect place for the tourist seeking a new destination. The Island has immense tourism potential: one of the few countries with unspoilt environment. For example, the Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve and the Atsinanana National Park, two of the Island’smost amazing spots, are home to lemurs, Madagascar’s national symbol, dugongs, tenrecs, mongooses, and aye-ayes, as well as a great variety of species of amphibians, reptiles and arachnids. In addition to being the home to many wildlife sanctuaries, the French-speaking nation offers other attractions: native traditions, fascinating history, scenic landscapes, unique culture, picturesque towns, and, of course, pristine beaches. Because of its isolation, most of its beaches are unspoiled. At the same time, the Island is an ideal destination for bird-watching. Certainly, it offers authentic experiences!

Madagascar & Miss Universe

Did you know – The Island made its first Miss Universe appearance in July 1961 when Miss Madagascar, Jacqueline Robertson, competed in America.

Language

Did you know – Malagasy and French are the official languages in the country. In addition, it has other native dialects.

United Nations

Did you know – During the latter half of the 20th century, on September 20, 1960, the Island joined the United Nations. At the same time, it became a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, the most powerful organization in the Third World.

Nobel Prize in Literature

Did you know – France’s novelist Claude Sim?n, who won the Nobel Prize in Literature 1985, was born in Madagascar.

Woman & Power

Did you know – Queen Ranavalona I ruled Madagascar from 1828 to 1861. Historically, she is one of Africa’s well-known female leaders.

animals endangered

Tony Mandarich asked:




Name:
Baird’s Tapir

Scientific Name:
Tapirus bairdii

Status:
Endangered

Scientific Classification:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: Tapiridae
Genus: Tapirus
Species: T. bairdii

General Information:
Baird’s tapir, also known as the Central American tapir, is the largest of the three species of tapir in Central and South America. It is a nocturnal creature, becoming active at dusk and then throughout the night. It is subject to natural predation by jaguars and pumas. It has also suffered severely from human encroachment, being a victim of habitat destruction and hunting. Baird’s tapir is currently listed as an “Endangered Species” by the IUCN.

Physical Description:
Baird’s tapir is adorned with a dark, brown-grayish coat. It has distinctive cream-colored patches on portions of its face and along its throat. It generally grows to about 6.5 feet in length and weighs around 525 – 880 lbs. Similar to other tapirs, its tail resembles a large stump, and its nose is an extended snout that hangs over its lower mouth. It has four toes on each of its front feet and three toes on each of its back feet. The newborns, like all tapir species, have reddish-brown coats with white stripes and spots. This acts as camouflage to protect the very vulnerable young. This pattern disappears as the tapir reaches adulthood.

Diet:
It feeds on a variety of vegetation, eating the twigs and growing tips of undergrowth. It also consume a large amount of fallen fruit and aquatic vegetation when available.

Habitat:
Baird’s tapir is found in the dense rainforests, deciduous forests, lower montane forests, and marshes of Central and northern South America. It is distributed from Mexico’s Oaxaca province south through Central America into the Darien region, to the west of the Andes Mountains in Colombia.

Reproduction:
Gestation for Baird’s tapir typically lasts around 400 days, after which time 1, or rarely 2, young are born. Baird’s tapirs reach sexual maturity at 1.5 – 2 years of age.

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Tony Mandarich asked:




Name:

Giant Pangolin

Scientific Name:

Manis gigantea

Status:

Least Concern

Scientific Classification:

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Pholidota

Family: Manidae

Genus: Manis

Species: M. gigantea

General Information:

The giant pangolin is the largest species of pangolin, or “scaly anteaters”, in the world. Its behavior is not widely known due to its nocturnal nature. It is classified as a “Least Concern” species, but still faces pressure from habitat destruction and hunting. It is hunted as bushmeat, and is also considered by some to have medicinal properties.

Physical Description:

The most distinctive feature of the pangolin are its overlapping scales, which can be brownish-red in color, and give it the appearance of having armor. It also has a long prehensile tail, which is also scaled. Its head is small, long, and pointed. To facilitate its dietary habits, the giant pangolin has 5 long, curved claws per foot, and a long sticky tongue. It uses the former feature to dig and the latter to lap up its meal.

Diet:

As with all other pangolins, the giant pangolin is a specialized insectivore. It lacks both teeth and the ability to chew, comprising its diet almost entirely on ants and termites. When gathering its prey, it puts its claws and tongue to good use, tearing into termite nests and anthills and them lapping up its unearthed food.

Habitat:

The giant pangolin is a denizen of the savanna and the forest (including the rainforest). It occurs in areas where termites are abundant, and near water. Its range spans across the equator of Africa, from western Africa to Uganda, with the highest concentration existing in Uganda, Tanzania, and western Kenya.

Reproduction:

As mentioned above, there are many aspects of the giant pangolin’s behavior that remains unknown to us. However, what is known is that young pangolins are born with open eyes and soft scales. They, at first, cannot walk on their legs but are able to move on their stomachs.

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